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 Stoneman, George, major-general, was born in Busti,
Chautauqua county, N. Y., Aug. 8, 1822. He was graduated at
West Point in 1846 and entered the army as brevet second
lieutenant in the 1st dragoons. In the regular army he was
promoted second lieutenant July l2, 1847, first lieutenant
July 25, 1854, captain in the 2nd cavalry March 3, 1855, major
in the 1st cavalry May 9, 1861, lieutenant-colonel of the 3d
cavalry March 30, 1864, colonel of the 21st infantry July 28,
1866, retired Aug. 16, 1871, appointed colonel of infantry on
Feb. 9, 1891, and again retired on the 24th of the same month.
In the volunteer army he was commissioned a brigadier-general
Aug. 13, 1861, promoted major-general Nov. 29, 1862, and was
mustered out of the service Sept. 1, 1866. During his active
career he was brevetted colonel, U. S. army, Dec. 13, 1862,
for services in the battle of Fredericksburg and brigadier-
general and major-general on March 13, 1865, for services in
the capture of Charlotte, N. C., and during the war,
respectively. Gen. Stoneman's first military service was as
quarter-master to the Mormon battalion at Santa Fe in 1847.
He accompanied it into Mexico and after the war served on the
Pacific coast till 1857, when he was transferred to Texas. In
Feb., 1861, while in command of Fort Brown Tex., he was
ordered by Gen. Twiggs, his superior officer, to surrender the
fort and all Federal property in his charge to the state
secession authorities, but he refused, evacuated the fort and
hastened to New York city. In August, after serving in
western Virginia, he was appointed chief of cavalry in the
Army of the Potomac. He organized that branch of the army,
commanded it during the Peninsular campaign of 1862 and
brought on the battle of Williamsburg by overtaking the
Confederate troops with his cavalry and artillery after they
had evacuated Yorktown. After the second battle of Bull Run
he was assigned to command Gen. Kearny's division and on Nov.
15, 1862, was appointed commander of the 3d army corps, with
which he distinguished himself at Fredericksburg. In April
and May, 1863, he commanded a cavalry corps in raids toward
Richmond, and then till April, 1864, was in command of the 23d
army corps. He was then assigned to command a cavalry corps
in the Army of the Ohio. In the Atlanta campaign he undertook
to capture Macon and Andersonville and release the prisoners
confined in the latter place, but was himself captured at
Clinton, Ga., and held a prisoner for three months. In Dec.,
1864, he led a raid into southwestern Virginia; in Feb. and
March, 1865, commanded the District of East Tennessee, led an
expedition to Asheville, N. C., in March and April; and was
engaged in the capture of Salisbury and the subsequent
operations in North Carolina. After the war he purchased a
ranch in Los Angeles county, Cal.; in 1882 was elected
railroad commissioner of California as a Democrat; and the
following year was elected governor of the state, serving till
Jan., 1887. Gen. Stoneman died in Buffalo, N. Y., Sept. 5,
1894.