Trenton was designed as an enlarged copy of the Lancaster with an increase in displacement of one-sixth. Her hull was designed by Isaiah Hanscom and built of live oak. Her engines were designed by the Bureau of Steam Engineering and contracted to Morgan Iron Works, New York City. Among her design details was an eight foot cast iron ram in her bow.[6][7] One of the handful of major American warships laid down and completed between the end of the Civil War and the 1880s, the Trenton was laid down on 27 October, 1873 at the New York Navy Yard and launched on New Year's Day, 1876, sponsored by Miss Katherine M. Parker.
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Trenton commissioned on 14 February 1877 with Captain John Lee Davis
in command. Three weeks later on 8 March she departed New York for the
Mediterranean, arriving at Villefranche on 18 April. The following
day, Rear Admiral John L. Worden broke his flag in her, and she became flagship of the European Station.
A week after Trenton entered the Mediterranean, Russia declared war on Turkey. Consequently, Trenton
and the other ships of the squadron alternated tours of duty in the
eastern Mediterranean protecting United States citizens and other
foreign nationals resident in or visiting Turkish possessions. On 9
May, she departed Villefranche for Smyrna and—but for a run to Salonika
from 9 to 13 June with the screw sloop Marion—remained there until 25 August, when she returned to Villefranche. Next, Trenton
visited Marseilles for two weeks in mid-September before steaming back
to Villefranche on the 18 September, where she would remaine until
Christmas Day, when she put to sea to return to the eastern
Mediterranean. Reentering Smyrna on the 2 January, 1878, she showed the
flag there until 16 March, when she sailed for Piraeus. On 2 April,
she got underway again for Villefranche, touching at La Spezia and
Leghorn in Italy en route.
On 17 July, she headed for Gibraltar and exited the Mediterranean
on 24 July. She cruised north, visited Lisbon, Cherbourg, and Yarmouth
before returning to the Mediterranean and reaching Villefranche in
mid-October. Trenton resumed her cruises between Mediterranean
ports, adding Genoa, Naples, and Tangiers to her itinerary in the spring
of 1879. In June, she again headed out through the Straits of
Gibraltar to visit Portsmouth,
Terneuzen, Antwerp, and Copenhagen. She was back at Villefranche late
in September. In mid-November, she sailed to Gibraltar and waited there
until 7 December for Constellation to arrive with Trenton's replacement crew. The warship remained in the western Mediterranean until early April 1880.
On the 3d, she headed east once more. After stops at Naples and
at Alexandria, Egypt, the warship began cruising the Aegean again. She
visited Smyrna, Tenedos, and Chamak Kelessi in Turkey as well as Piraeus
before returning to Villefranche on 25 May. After a visit to Marseilles
on 7 June, the flagship left the Mediterranean for the third time
during this deployment and made another cruise to English, Belgian, and
Dutch ports.
Trenton returned to the western Mediterranean in August
and operated there until 7 September, 1881 when she sailed for the
United States. She arrived in Hampton Roads on 12 October and, three
days later, moved up the York River for the Yorktown centennial
celebration. On 22 October Trenton departed Yorktown and the following day arrived at the New York Navy Yard where she was decommissioned on 9 November.
Reactivated on 18 September 1883, Trenton departed New
York in November for duty on the Asiatic Station. Steaming via the
Mediterranean, the Suez Canal, Ceylon, and Singapore, she arrived at
Hong Kong on 1 May 1884 to begin two years of cruising in the Far East.
She visited ports in China, Korea, and Japan, carrying out various
displomatic missions. On occasion, Trenton sent landing parties
ashore in China and Korea to protect American nationals and other
foreigners during periods of internal unrest. She completed this tour
of duty in the spring of 1886 and departed Yokohama on 9 May to retrace
her voyage across the Indian Ocean, through the Suez Canal and the
Mediterranean, and across the Atlantic to reach Hampton Roads on 2
September. She entered the Norfolk Navy Yard on 9 September and was decommissioned for repairs on 17 November.
On 16 May, 1887, she was placed in commission once again. On 25
July, she exited Hampton Roads and headed south for Brazil. En route, Trenton
stopped at St. Vincent in the Windward Islands and entered Rio de
Janeiro on 10 September for a fortnight visit. After touching at St.
Thomas on the return voyage, she dropped anchor in New York harbor on 3
November.
Almost three months later, on 30 January 1888, Trenton
sailed for the Pacific. The voyage took her more than a year to
complete, for she had to steam around Cape Horn at the southern end of
South America. After stops at Panama and Tahiti, the warship reached
Apia, Samoa, on 10 March, 1889 and joined other units of the Pacific
Squadron. Six days later, while still at anchor in Apia harbor, Trenton was wrecked by a hurricane. Before abandoning ship, however, her crew assisted in the rescue of the Vandalia's ship's company. Trenton was declared a total loss, and her name was struck from the Navy list on 13 April, 1891.